البحر الأحمر: التحديات والمخاطر التي تواجه أمن الطاقة

Abstract

Geopolitics has an important impact on energy security; this impact is not necessarily related to the high prices of energy sources but is more related to the weaknesses of the energy security system. It is an integrated system that starts with exploration and production and establishes legal and regulatory systems. If a specific aspect of the system is impacted, other elements will consequently be affected. In light of the strategic importance of the Red Sea in global energy security, the paper explored the impact of the recent Houthi attacks in the Red Sea on energy security. It revealed that energy security is still more fragile. Its vulnerability increases when confronted with complex or politically linked security threats to the extent that security solutions are ineffective in achieving pertaining goals. The global measures adopted to protect maritime security are also still insufficient. Thus, the paper proposed a set of tracks regarding the protection of energy security in the Red Sea, such as prioritizing regional solutions by focusing on reviving the Saudi initiative for the security of the Red Sea launched in 2018. It also highlighted the significance of having an integrated maritime security strategy focusing on leveraging technological development to bolster maritime protection. Long-term solutions should be adopted, and it is important to have a coordinated and integrated international response. Concerning the Red Sea, regional states must work to contain security threats in the area and turn it into a strategic energy hub.