National Security and Disinformation in the Digital Age

Disinformation has become a “new normal” in our reality. It is pervasive and can be spread by anyone with an account on digital social platforms. Disinformation campaigns can now achieve their intended impact in a matter of minutes to hours, particularly within specific countries or regarding particular issues. This policy paper examines the various negative impacts of disinformation campaigns on the national security of Arab countries. The practice of conducting disinformation campaigns has become a competitive strategy among many nations and influential actors seeking to achieve foreign objectives and expand their influence beyond their borders. However, the repercussions of disinformation on national security are significant. Among the most significant are the reduced ability of governments to engage in strategic planning and make effective public policies to solve societal problems based on accurate information and data (data-driven policy-making), the transformation and diversification of crime in the digital space, manipulation of public opinion and shifting its directions to align with the interests of those executing the disinformation campaigns, and deepening societal polarization, which often leads to increased violence. This paper also provides several recommendations for Arab countries and governments to help them enhance their efforts in protecting national security from the negative impact of disinformation campaigns. It advocates for a “Whole of Society Approach,” which fosters constructive partnerships among government agencies and key stakeholders throughout the lifecycle of disinformation campaigns.